Pandora

In Greek mythology, Pandora (Greek: , derived from , p n, i.e. “all” and , d ron, i.e. “gift”, thus “the all-endowed”, “the all-gifted” or “the all-giving”) was the first human woman created by the gods, specifically by Hephaestus and Athena on the instructions of Zeus. As Hesiod related it, each god helped create her by giving her unique gifts. Zeus ordered Hephaestus to mold her out of earth as part of the punishment of humanity for Prometheus’ theft of the secret of fire, and all the gods joined in offering her “seductive gifts”. Her other name’inscribed against her figure on a white-ground kylix in the British Museum’is Anesidora, “she who sends up gifts” (up implying “from below” within the earth). According to the myth, Pandora opened a jar (pithos), in modern accounts sometimes mistranslated as “Pandora’s box” (see below), releasing all the evils of humanity’although the particular evils, aside from plagues and diseases, are not specified in detail by Hesiod’leaving only Hope inside once she had closed it again. She opened the jar out of simple curiosity and not as a malicious act. The Pandora myth is a kind of theodicy, addressing the question of why there is evil in the world.