Today, medical and technological advancements are made more rapidly than ever before. Often the two go hand in hand, as seen in surgical robots and nanotechnology to name a couple. Even research and experiments on things that were previously theoretical or purely misunderstood are now opened up through the advancements in technology.
In the case of genomics, uncountable hours of research have been conducted to better understand the building blocks of our species as well as the diseases and ailments that plague us. But such a vast amount of genomic information so much so that it has entered the realm of big data has grown to such a size that it demands proper handling and accessibility to those who need it.
The three main problems facing the management of genomics big data are:
- How to properly store this data
- Protecting the privacy of genomics research and the people whose genetic material is being used
- The integration of new and improved programs that allow better access to genomic research for medical professionals around the world
Solving these problems is daunting, but overcoming them means having a system that saves both lives and money.
Storage
When it comes to storing large amounts of data, a room full of servers no longer fits the bill. If one human genome were to be stored, it would require about 200 gigabytes of space. Should a database be made of genomes from every human living today, or more than 7.3 billion people, there would need to be space for over 1.4 million petabytes.
Luckily, big data is not a new problem, and companies such as Google and Facebook which processes over 600 terabytes of incoming data every day have been working on their on file storage systems and compression techniques, such as Apache Hadoop. By organizing and storing genomic information in a more manageable way, medical professionals will find the information and research they need all the more accessible.
Integration
Old habits die hard, even when new technology makes things much easier. Oftentimes companies and professionals eschew new systems when the old ones dont appear to be broken. And when it comes to new software, sweeping changes across the board may seem expensive.
However, as data storage becomes more affordable and easier to use, new management systems and Cloud-based platforms are crucial changes that provide long-term solutions. These solutions can benefit medical professionals at any level by improving the accuracy and quality of care provided.
Privacy
One of the biggest issues of concern to the basic consumer or perhaps better put, the hosts of genomic data, each and every human being is that of privacy. Having an internet of genomes is a superb resource both for research and implementation, but many people fear their private information being released in the public sphere.
And what is more private than the genetic fingerprint that makes you yourself? Whether regarding ancestry or disability, some people simply dont want their personal information linked back to their name. And acquiring the consent for research on ones genetic data is just as delicate an issue as is privacy. Giving consent in the past and not knowing the results of future tests when technology has advanced may provide some unsettling results should they ever be revealed to the donor.
Luckily, software and servers are being designed to keep sensitive information private and secure. In no small part to the work done by President Obama and the Department of Health and Human Services, federal regulations that push for HIPAA compliance and security have proven patients rights are first and foremost when it comes to their personal information being a part of big data.
Building a Better Future Through Genomics
Of course, with every wall built there is someone who wants to climb it or break it. Many of the advancements and securities in place in big genomic data can and will be broken down or at least become obsolete in the future. But with every wall breaker out there, there is someone who is working to find ways to build better, stronger walls.
The futures of both genomics and big data are bright, though their relation with one another may change through the decades as technology advances. However, at the moment, both certainly go hand-in-hand moving forward. The need to work with and understand the potential in big data management is one that those who work in genomics cant afford to ignore. The need for data management of all of sciences greatest achievements both in genomics and elsewhere will certainly depend on it.
